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Introduction Projective techniques occupy a unique and enduring place in the field of clinical and abnormal psychology. Emerging from psychoanalytic traditions, these methods are based on the assumption that individuals
Introduction Social psychology is a field that investigates how individuals think, feel, and behave in social contexts. One of the central definitions of social psychology comes from Baron, Byrne, and
Introduction Personal space is a fundamental concept in environmental psychology that pertains to the invisible buffer individuals maintain between themselves and others to feel secure and comfortable. This space is
Introduction Emotion has long been a central subject of study in psychology, with various theoretical frameworks attempting to explain how humans experience and regulate emotions. Among these, Richard S. Lazarus’s
Introduction to Transactional Analysis Transactional Analysis (TA) is a psychotherapeutic approach, conceptualized and developed by Eric Berne in the 1950s and based on a different model of human behavior and
Introduction Nikolaas Tinbergen: Instinct theory Nikolaas Tinbergen: Instinct theory emphasized the importance of both instinctive and learned behaviour to survival and used animal behaviour as a basis for speculations about
Introduction Understanding emotions is a fundamental aspect of psychology, as emotions shape human thoughts, behaviors, and interactions. Two of the most prominent early theories of emotions are the James-Lange Theory
Introduction The study of human behavior is a complex and multifaceted field that incorporates various theoretical approaches to explain how individuals think, feel, and act. Researchers and scholars analyze behavior