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Introduction Neurodevelopmental disorders are a group of conditions characterized by early-onset impairments in cognitive, social, communicative, or behavioral development (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2022). Accurate assessment of these disorders is
Introduction Affect and suicidal intent represent two critical dimensions of psychological assessment. While affective states capture the ongoing emotional experience of individuals, suicidal intent reflects cognitive-behavioral risk linked to self-harm
Introduction Mood disorders—principally depression and mania—constitute a major domain of psychopathology and clinical assessment. Accurate measurement of these conditions is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and evaluating therapeutic outcomes (Sarason
Jackson Personality Inventory (JPI) The Jackson Personality Inventory (JPI) was first developed by Douglas N. Jackson in 1976. It was later revised and updated in 1994 as the Jackson Personality