MA SEMESTER-I Psychology CBCS revised Syllabus 2019-20 (SPPU)

Contents

COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY: UNDERSTANDING

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Unit-1: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

1.1. Definition, Nature and Scope of Cognitive Psychology
1.2. History of Cognitive Psychology
1.3. Methods to study cognitive Psychology-I

Observation
Introspection
Experimental

1.4. Methods to study cognitive Psychology-II

Quasi-Experimental
Neuropsychological

1.5. Application: Understanding Cognitive Map

Unit-2: Exploring Cognitive Psychology

2.1. Definition, Nature and Theories:

Sensation: Empiricism, Natural Science, Structuralism, Gestalt, Psychophysical approach, Theories of Color Vision, Theories of Pitch
Perception: Bottom-Up theories of Perception, Top-down perception theories, Computational theories

2.2. Definition, Nature and Theories:

Attention: Bottleneck theory, Automatic versus controlled processing, Feature integration theory, Stroop Effect, Signal Detection, Vigilance
Pattern Recognition: Template matching theory, Prototype models, Distinctive-features models and Computational approach

2.3. Definition, Nature and Theories:

Thinking: Associationism, Gestalt, Information Processing
Problem Solving: Problem Space theory, Means-End Hypothesis, Analogy Approach

2.4. Application:

Activities on Cognitive Map
Extra Sensory Perception

Unit-3: Exploring Cognitive Psychology

3.1. Definition, Nature and Theories:

Learning:

Hull’s Systematic Behaviour Theory
Lewin’s Field Theory of Learning
Tolman’s Sign Learning
Gagne’s Theory of Learning
Bandura’s Social Learning Theory.

Memory Model:

Unitary
Dual
Multimodal

3.2. Definition, Nature and Theories:

Artificial Intelligence
Language

3.3. Definition, Nature and Theories:

3.4. Application:

Memory Improvement Techniques

Unit-4: Recent Trends in cognitive Psychology

4.1. Recent Trends in:

4.2. Recent Trends in:

Creativity
Thinking
Problem Solving

4.3. Recent Trends in:

Learning
Memory
Pattern Recognition

4.4. Recent Trends in:

Language
Artificial Intelligence
Decision Making

4.5. Application:

Develop creative thinking
Decision-making skills

Readings:

Anderson, J. R. (2015). Cognitive psychology and its implications. New York: Worth Publishers
Best, J. B. (1999). Cognitive Psychology. USA: Wadsworth Publishing Co.
Borude, R.R. Bodhanikmanasashastra. ChhayaPrakashan.
Galloti, K. M. (2004). Cognitive psychology in and out of the laboratory. USA: Thomson Wadsworth.
Horton, D. L. and Turnage, T. W. (1976). Human learning. ND: Prentice-Hall
Kellogg, R. T. (2007). Fundamentals of Cognitive Psychology. N.D. Sage Publications
Matlin, M. (1994). Cognition. Bangalore: Harcourt Brace Pub.
Singh, Shyam & Singh (2008) Psychoneuroimmunology, Global Vision, New Delhi
Sternberg, R. J. (2007). Cognitive Psychology. Australia: Thomson Wadsworth.
Solso, R. L. (2004). Cognitive Psychology (6th ed.). Delhi: Pearson Education.
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िरत देसाई आणण शोिना अभ्यंकर) २००७ (प्रायोगिक मानसशास्र आणण संशोधन पद्धती ,नरेंद्र प्रकाशन ,पुणे

Note : Relevant and recent research articles will be referred in text preparation.

Chapter 1 NATURE AND IMPORTANCE OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY [10]

Cognitive Psychology: Definition and domains

2. History and methods of cognitive psychology

3.1. Theories of cognitive development – Piaget

3.2. Theories of cognitive development – Vygotsky

4. Current paradigms of cognitive psychology – Information processing approach,
ecological approach

5. Application: Cognitive style and cognitive map

FAQ

1. What is cognitive psychology?
Cognitive psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on the study of mental processes such as perception, memory, problem-solving, attention, language, and decision-making. It investigates how people acquire, process, store, and retrieve information.

2. What are the main areas of study in cognitive psychology?
Cognitive psychology covers various areas, including:

Perception: How we interpret sensory information.
Memory: How information is stored and recalled.
Attention: How we focus on specific stimuli.
Language: How language is learned and understood.
Problem-Solving and Decision-Making: How we solve problems and make choices.
Cognitive Development: How thinking and reasoning evolve over time.

3. What research methods are used in cognitive psychology?
Cognitive psychologists use a range of methods to study mental processes, including:

Experimental studies: Conducting controlled experiments to test hypotheses.
Neuroimaging techniques: fMRI, PET, and EEG to observe brain activity.
Observational studies: Observing behavior in natural settings.
Computer modeling: Simulating cognitive processes using computational methods.
Behavioral measures: Tasks like reaction time tests, accuracy rates, and error patterns.

4. How does cognitive psychology differ from behaviorism?
Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and the ways they’re shaped by the environment. Cognitive psychology, in contrast, emphasizes internal mental processes that cannot be directly observed, such as thoughts, memories, and decision-making strategies.

5. What is the Information-Processing Approach?
The Information-Processing Approach likens the human mind to a computer, where mental processes are seen as a series of steps through which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved. This approach emphasizes how we take in information (input), process it (through attention and memory), and produce responses (output).

6. What role does attention play in cognitive psychology?
Attention is a key focus in cognitive psychology because it determines which information we process more deeply and which we ignore. Selective attention allows us to focus on particular stimuli while filtering out others. It’s crucial for learning, memory, and effective decision-making.

7. What is mental imagery in cognitive psychology?
Mental imagery involves creating images in the mind without external sensory input. Visual imagery is the most common type studied in cognitive psychology, though other types, such as auditory or tactile imagery, are also explored.

8. How is cognitive psychology applied in real-world settings?
Cognitive psychology has a wide range of applications, including:

Education: Enhancing learning and memory techniques.
Clinical psychology: Understanding cognitive distortions in mental health issues.
User interface design: Improving how people interact with technology.
Artificial intelligence: Modeling human thought processes to develop smarter systems.

9. What is the role of memory in cognitive psychology?
Memory is a fundamental concept in cognitive psychology, as it deals with how we encode, store, and retrieve information. Key areas include short-term memory, long-term memory, working memory, and the processes of forgetting.

Atkinson and Shiffrin Model of Memory

10. Who are some key figures in cognitive psychology?
Some key figures include:

Ulric Neisser: Often considered the “father” of cognitive psychology.
Jean Piaget: Known for his work on cognitive development in children.
Noam Chomsky: A linguist who greatly influenced cognitive psychology with his theory of innate language structures.
Daniel Kahneman: Notable for his research on judgment and decision-making.

Cognitive Psychology (Understanding)- Master 4 Insightful Areas of Cognitive Psychology