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Introduction Affect and suicidal intent represent two critical dimensions of psychological assessment. While affective states capture the ongoing emotional experience of individuals, suicidal intent reflects cognitive-behavioral risk linked to self-harm
Introduction Mood disorders—principally depression and mania—constitute a major domain of psychopathology and clinical assessment. Accurate measurement of these conditions is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and evaluating therapeutic outcomes (Sarason
Introduction Depressive disorders constitute a group of psychiatric conditions characterized by persistent disturbances in mood, cognition, and behavior. They represent some of the most prevalent mental health disorders globally, significantly
Introduction Emotions are central to human experience, influencing cognition, behavior, and physiological responses. Modern research in affective neuroscience has revealed that there is a complex biological basis of emotions mediated