2 Important Depression and Mania Measures: Hamilton Depression Scale and Altman Self-Rating Mania Scale

Introduction Mood disorders—principally depression and mania—constitute a major domain of psychopathology and clinical assessment. Accurate measurement of these conditions is essential for diagnosis, treatment planning, and evaluating therapeutic outcomes (Sarason Read More…

4 Important Bipolar Disorders: Bipolar I, Bipolar II, Cyclothymic Disorder, Dysthymic Disorder, and Suicide

Introduction Bipolar disorders are severe mood disorders characterized by alternating episodes of mania or hypomania and depression. They are chronic, recurrent conditions that significantly impair functioning, relationships, and quality of Read More…