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Introduction Non-parametric tests provide robust alternatives to parametric methods when data violate assumptions such as normality or homogeneity of variances. These tests are invaluable when dealing with ordinal data, small
Introduction Statistics is a powerful tool for analyzing, interpreting, and making inferences about data. Two fundamental branches of statistical analysis are parametric and non-parametric statistics. Understanding the differences, assumptions, and
Introduction Chi-square (χ²) tests are among the most widely used non-parametric statistical methods for analyzing categorical data. They provide a versatile set of tools for testing hypotheses about frequencies in
Introduction Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and its variants are foundational techniques in inferential statistics used to compare means across groups and evaluate complex relationships between variables. Read More- Factor Analysis
Introduction Understanding the significance of differences in statistical measures such as means, variances, and correlation coefficients is essential in psychology and other behavioral sciences. These differences help researchers determine whether
Introduction to Statistical Inference Statistical inference allows scientists to make generalizations about populations using data drawn from samples. It is based on probability theory, specifically the behavior of sampling distributions.
Introduction Probability theory and the normal distribution curve represent two of the most foundational concepts in the field of statistics, especially within disciplines like psychology, education, sociology, and other social
Experiments are scientific investigations designed to test hypotheses and establish causal relationships between variables under controlled conditions. Key characteristics include manipulation of independent variable, random assignment, and control over extraneous variables. Types of experiments include laboratory, field, and quasi-experiments, each varying in the level of control over variables and the naturalness of the environment in which they are conducted. Based on purpose there are three types of experiments namely – exploratory, confirmatory & pilot.
What is an Experiment? An experiment is a scientific method used to establish causal relationships between variables. It involves the manipulation of an independent variable (IV) to observe its effect